Russian Adult Male - Rat Injury - Leg Amputation with Complications

wrijin

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To the wonderful folks here at Tortoise Forum,

I have two adult Russian tortoises, which I have taken care of for roughly 15-17 years. One (Piggy, male) was adopted from a friend of a family member. The second (Pokey, female) was purchased from a local pet store a few years later.

These two tortoises are at least 20 years of age, but could be far older. I simply don’t have the records to confirm.

Piggy and Pokey have lived outdoors year-round for nearly two decades. They have always been kept in a large outdoor space, fully enclosed with wire, including a covered area for rainy weather, and a large open space with a lot of vegetation.

Right now, the outdoor setup is a lot less than ideal, at about 3’x7.5’ per tortoise, with them separated from one another. Previously they were kept together in one enclosure which was more like 9’x9’ or something like that, but I had to move them to a different property, as my dad sold his house. Anyway, just some details on their care. California climate.

Despite a fully enclosed outdoor enclosure, a rat was able to enter through a small gap in the wire on the lid of the enclosure during this last year’s brumation (which they do naturally outdoors and have done for nearly two decades successfully) and chewed on Piggy’s leg very intensely. I could not tell how old the wound was, or see the wound clearly due to the large amount of substrate inside it (dirt/sand). As an aside, yes, eventually I would like to insert a new soil mix so that the sand concentration outdoors is reduced or removed entirely, but that’s outside of the scope of this post right now.

Piggy woke up from brumation around March 9th, and I noticed his injury when I picked him up for post-brumation inspection on March 10th. I called the veterinary clinic on that day and made the earliest appointment for March 11th.

On 3/11, I took Piggy to the local exotic pet vet, and the wound was cleaned. We did an x-ray to determine the level of bone exposure, and the vet recommended an amputation as the most effective and safe way to treat Piggy’s injury. I discussed with a local hobbyist who has kept reptiles for several decades, discussed with a family member who was a marine biologist and dentist, and did some research online, including this forum. After careful consideration, and after looking at the x-ray images alongside my vet, I decided to move forward with the amputation, so that Piggy would have a clean wound that could heal with reduced chance of infection.

Again, this was the recommendation of my vet as well. She stated that since the bone was exposed, the injury was unlikely to ever be able to heal in such a way that new tissue would cover the bone, and that this would cause necrosis.

So, Piggy had his amputation under anesthesia on March 13th. He was given a prescription of piperacillin tazobactam as an injection, at 0.13ml every 48 hours for 14 days, under the skin. This started on 3/11 and continued after his operation on 3/13. He was also given a pain medication for 5 days, once daily, of 0.09ml hydromorphone, following the amputation. This was also under the skin, in the front half of the body, which I successfully administered.

I took Piggy back to the vet on April 3rd, three (3) weeks after his surgery, for a check-up. His gauze fell off of the surgery site naturally a few days before, on April 1st. At the vet visit, the vet seemed confused by what had happened, and said that his tissue looks dead and possibly infected. She removed the sutures and did a debridement, and stated that she was conservative with the initial amputation, but believes that one of two things occurred: 1) she simply was too conservative, and the bone higher up was already necrotic; or 2) something simply happened after the operation and he got an infection.

The vet stated that she will need to do a new amputation higher up on the leg, and this is currently scheduled for April 18th. Piggy was given a new 14 day of the same antibiotics he had before, the “piptaz,” as well as a new antibiotic called amikacin (250mg/ml 2ml bottle) which is another injectable, which requires dilution with sterile water. Piggy was also given a tube of Silver Sulfadiazine Cream, USP 1%, for application on his infected/exposed tissue, once per day.

Basically, I am just extremely frustrated. It was already a debate on whether to perform the amputation or see if there was some way for the injury to heal on its own, even if that would have been extremely lengthy and possibly open him up to severe infection, but frankly to me it seems like his condition is worse now than it was in the first place.

I’m not concerned about him having less leg stump leftover, as actually I think it won’t affect his tripod mobility at all. Right now he is a pretty happy tortoise despite all of the horrible pain he has had to endure. He is eating ravenously and moving around his temporary indoor sterile Rubbermaid with paper lining set-up quite well, but I would really love to see what opinions folks have here at this stage.

With the research I had done on rat attacks, healing traumas in chelonians, and the good outcomes for 3-legged tortoises, and the confidence of my vet’s recommendation that the amputation was necessary, that’s the decision that was made and we can’t change it now. So, I will kindly ask that if you would not have performed the amputation in the first place, please refrain from attacking me for this decision.

I am more interested in whether you would immediately try to seek out another veterinary clinic for follow-up, or if you would recommend moving forward with this secondary amputation at the same clinic.

The leg is gone - I just want it to be clean and non-infected so that he can move forward and live for many more years.

I also hope this story can cement what most of you already know, in that even in a fully enclosed outdoor environment, a rat can still find even the most minor flaw in your design, and can cause a life threatening injury to your loved tortoise even after 15+ years of outdoor living without any injury. Please never stop monitoring your enclosures, as this is the most tragic thing that has ever happened to Piggy, and as much as I hate to say it, it could have been prevented if my enclosure had been built to be even more secure. I believe the gap the rat/mouse must have entered from was a little bit like the size of a half-dollar, so a bit larger than a quarter, under one side of the enclosure’s lid.

Anyway, several pictures are posted of Piggy’s progress, from initial injury to cleaned wound, amputation with gauze, and finally his current state with open wound.

Please let me know if you have thoughts or experience with similar situations.

At this point, this is really life for death for Piggy, who is one of my best friends. I’m very heartbroken, and I want the best possible outcome.

My primary concern is that if the veterinarian does this follow-up procedure to cut further up, if the site then becomes infected again, what will we do at that stage? There won’t be anywhere further to cut. Again, in terms of mobility and keeping more of his leg, I don’t think that matters. Frankly, I’m not sure why the vet decided to be “conservative” with the amputation in the first place. Maybe so that if this type of situation happened, she would have a second chance with a second cut.

It just really seems to me that his status now is worse off than it was before, and that is very concerning to me. Maybe I am overreacting, and you all would think that this second amputation will likely lead him to a good path toward recovery. Unfortunately, we can’t go back in time and avoid the amputation in the first place, nor change how the vet decided to perform it.

I will also note that the clinic has two vets, and for his follow-up procedure, I have been informed that the vet who is older, and more experienced, and who owns the clinic, will be performing his surgery. Now, the clinic didn’t say why the other vet will do the surgery, I’m just noting that those are extra details.

Thank you very much for your time.
 

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wrijin

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Hello,

I am sending this reply to include some new photos taken this morning, 4/4/2024, after the vet opened it up yesterday during the appointment, on 4/3/2024.

Again, it just looks absolutely horrible, and this skin clearly looks dead to me.

Waiting until April 18th also seems like a pretty long time to have the next operation done.

Maybe I can take Piggy to a completely separate clinic this week to have them give another professional opinion.

Just absolutely devastating, but I’m trying to stay positive and make appropriate decisions to give Piggy the best odds of survival.

Thank you.
 

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wellington

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My personal opinion, I would find a different vet. This vet amputated more than what probably needed to be taken.
As for healing, tortoises do everything slow, including healing.
Hopefully @Yvonne G our long time tortoise and turtle rescuer can give some insight.
 

wrijin

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My personal opinion, I would find a different vet. This vet amputated more than what probably needed to be taken.
As for healing, tortoises do everything slow, including healing.
Hopefully @Yvonne G our long time tortoise and turtle rescuer can give some insight.
Hi there,

Thank you for this response. I have made an appointment for Monday morning at 8am (4/8/2024) to see a separate vet and get a completely separate professional opinion on how to best proceed.

Thank you.
 

Sarah2020

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Such a sad story. Agree healing will be slow but needs good fresh leaf diet inc calcium . Please get second vet opinion and have a good think . You must be careful of open wounds as flies can lay eggs and you get maggots. I know water soaks may be difficult but the tortouse looks dry maybe try a warm shallow soak in clean high sided container. Poor tortoise the trauma of the rat and now remediation will be tough. Keep us posted. 🐢
 

zovick

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Hi there,

Thank you for this response. I have made an appointment for Monday morning at 8am (4/8/2024) to see a separate vet and get a completely separate professional opinion on how to best proceed.

Thank you.
Where are you in CA? I know a good exotics vet in LA. She has treated tortoises of mine during her time at the UGA Vet School here in GA. Here is her info in case you are close to LA. If you decide to see her, tell her that you were referred by Dr. William Zovickian:

Laila M. Proença, MV, DVM, MS, PhD

Director of the Exotic Animal Medicine Program


VCA Animal Hospitals, 12401 W. Olympic Blvd.

Los Angeles, CA 90064, 1 (800) 966-1822


Associate Veterinarian at the Avian & Exotics Department

VCA West Los Angeles Animal Hospital, 1900 S Sepulveda Blvd,

Los Angeles, CA 90025 (310) 473-2951
 

wrijin

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Hi Dr. Zovickian,

Unfortunately that is a bit too far south for me, as I am in Santa Cruz County, but I am very grateful for your recommendation!

At this stage, I won’t be naming the clinic I went to or the separate clinic I’ll be seeing on Monday.

However, once all is said and done I will certainly update everyone with my experience at different clinics locally here in Santa Cruz.

This experience will lead to me establishing a good working relationship with an accomplished vet with chelonian experience moving forward.

Thank you.
 

wrijin

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Such a sad story. Agree healing will be slow but needs good fresh leaf diet inc calcium . Please get second vet opinion and have a good think . You must be careful of open wounds as flies can lay eggs and you get maggots. I know water soaks may be difficult but the tortouse looks dry maybe try a warm shallow soak in clean high sided container. Poor tortoise the trauma of the rat and now remediation will be tough. Keep us posted. 🐢
Hi there,

Thank you very much. The vet I saw recommended that I do not soak him while he heals, since the sutures were water soluble, but I am thinking about holding him in a shallow dish now so that his rear side can be soaked whilst keeping the injured limb completely dry. Plus, she removed the sutures on the check-in yesterday anyway. But I want to keep the injured leg dry.

I’ve been leaving his food (which is varied and home grown) wet with water after rinsing it, so that he is consuming more liquid via food than typical. He is regular passing waste, which is good. A light calcium dusting is added, and when outdoors, my tortoises always have a cuttlebone available.

Thank you for the warm wishes.
 

zovick

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Hi Dr. Zovickian,

Unfortunately that is a bit too far south for me, as I am in Santa Cruz County, but I am very grateful for your recommendation!

At this stage, I won’t be naming the clinic I went to or the separate clinic I’ll be seeing on Monday.

However, once all is said and done I will certainly update everyone with my experience at different clinics locally here in Santa Cruz.

This experience will lead to me establishing a good working relationship with an accomplished vet with chelonian experience moving forward.

Thank you.
I had a Radiated Tortoise female who had to have her front leg amputated due to cancer. It was performed at the UGA Vet School Exotics Department, and the amputation was done at what we would call the shoulder joint. An acrylic "skid" was screwed to the plastron just under that leg opening, and the tortoise never really seemed to miss that leg. She was even able to dig nest holes and lay eggs normally afterwards.

Hopefully you will have similar good fortune with Piggy.

Good luck with everything going forward.
 

TammyJ

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Following this and appreciating your love and concern for Piggy. Really hope everything works out well! The Silver Sulfadiazene is excellent stuff, that I know.
 

wrijin

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I had a Radiated Tortoise female who had to have her front leg amputated due to cancer. It was performed at the UGA Vet School Exotics Department, and the amputation was done at what we would call the shoulder joint. An acrylic "skid" was screwed to the plastron just under that leg opening, and the tortoise never really seemed to miss that leg. She was even able to dig nest holes and lay eggs normally afterwards.

Hopefully you will have similar good fortune with Piggy.

Good luck with everything going forward.
Thanks for the tale and the kind thoughts! I've seen some photos online of shoulder joint front limb amputations in tortoises! That's wonderful to hear about your radiated tortoise. I am very satisfied with Piggy's mobility on 3 legs - he is really a tank!

If he ends up with a clean site after all is said and done, I'm really confident that he'll do great on 3-legs. It's just the trouble of getting him cleaned up with the right procedure that I'm anxious about. These little tortoises never give up!
 

wrijin

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Following this and appreciating your love and concern for Piggy. Really hope everything works out well! The Silver Sulfadiazene is excellent stuff, that I know.
I appreciate that, TammyJ! Never in a million years did I think that something like this would happen to one of my tortoises. I've tried so hard to take great care of them, and have had a lot of great success for almost twenty years!

Tortoises are extremely special animals, and I consider myself lucky to be able to spend time with them! It wasn't that long ago that we suffered from a series of very bad fires from lightning storms. It was the CZU Lightning Complex, I believe. It was so smokey and gross outside, that I immediately brought the tortoises inside and set them up inside my bathroom. The air quality was just atrocious outside with the smoke! I was running an air purifier for them too, even inside, hah!

The things we do for these guys crack me up sometimes, but they are really priceless!

To lighten the mood, here is a photo from last summer of Piggy and his much larger counterpart, Pokey. Don't worry folks, they are only together and out of the typical space for the photo :)
 

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